واکاوی مشروعیت سیاسی در دولت های ایران؛ از هخامنشیان تا انقلاب اسلامی

نوع مقاله : اندیشه سیاسی

نویسنده

استادیار،دانشگاه جامع امام حسین(ع)،تهران،ایران.

چکیده

هر دولتی برای بقای خود علاوه بر اعمال زور و قدرت به اقتدار نیز نیازمند است. مشروعیت، ضامن اقتدار دولت است و حق امرونهی را برای حاکمان و لزوم اطاعت از آنها را مشروع می‌سازد. تکیه صرف بر قدرت نظامی، بدون داشتن پشتوانه‌ای از مشروعیت، در درازمدت ممکن نیست. نظام‌های سیاسی حاکم بر ایران نیز بر پشتوانه‌ای از مشروعیت تکیه داشته‌اند و برای مشروع و موجه کردن حکومت و فرمانروایی خود به دلایلی تمسک جسته‌اند. این مقاله به دنبال واکاوی تحولات مشروعیت، یافتن نقاط عطف آن و شباهت‌ها و تفاوت‌های تلقی از مشروعیت در دولت‌های ایران از امپراطوری هخامنشی تا انقلاب اسلامی است؛ بنابراین با مراجعه به اسناد تاریخی و با روش تحلیل مضمون کیفی، اصلی‌ترین تحولات مشروعیت نظام سیاسی و فراز و نشیب آن در ایران از دوره باستان تاکنون بیان خواهد شد. در پایان روشن می‌شود دولت‌های حاکم بر ایران از دوران باستان تا انقلاب اسلامی ـ‌به جز سلسله پهلوی‌ـ بر نظریه الهی مشروعیت تکیه داشته‌اند و علی‌رغم همه تفاوت‌هایی که دارند ازاین‌جهت مشترک هستند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing political legitimacy in Iranian governments; From the Achaemenids to the Islamic Revolution

نویسنده [English]

  • Ali khalili
Assistant Professor, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Every government needs authority in addition to force and power for its survival. Legitimacy is the guarantor of the government's authority and legitimizes the right to command and forbid the rulers and the necessity of obeying them. Relying solely on military power, without the support of legitimacy, is not possible in the long term. The political systems that rule Iran have also relied on the support of legitimacy and have relied on reasons to legitimize and justify their rule and rule. This article seeks to analyze the developments of legitimacy, find its turning points and the similarities and differences in the perception of legitimacy in Iranian governments from the Achaemenid Empire to the Islamic Revolution. Therefore, by referring to historical documents and using the method of qualitative content analysis, the main changes in the legitimacy of the political system and its ups and downs in Iran from the ancient period until now will be expressed. In the end, it becomes clear that the governments ruling Iran from the ancient times to the Islamic revolution - except for the Pahlavi dynasty - have relied on the divine theory of legitimacy, and despite all their differences, they have this in common.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • political thought
  • legitimacy
  • divine legitimacy
  • ancient Iran
  • Islamic revolution
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