واکاوی فقه سیاسی مقاصد در منظومه فکری شاطبی

نوع مقاله : اندیشه سیاسی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مسائل ایران، دانشگاه آزاد بافت، کرمان، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه تاریخ انقلاب اسلامی و دفاع مقدس، دانشگاه جامع امام حسین (ع)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فقه مقاصد که در مقابل فقه‌گرایان اخباری و متفکران شریعت‌ محور قرار می‌گیرد، مکتبی فقهی است که سعی می‌کند تحقق مقاصد اصلی شریعت را تبیین نماید. این رویکرد، استفاده از تفکرات مدرن را یکی از شیوه های اصلی فقاهت خود می داند. طرفداران این مکتب که عمدتاً در میان اهل سنت فعالیّت دارند، فقه را صرفاً یک ابزار دانسته و مقاصد فقه (اصول کلی اسلام) را مهم‌تر می‌دانند. پرسش اصلی پژوهش حاضر آن است که نظریات شاطبی به عنوان یکی از متفکران مقاصدگرا در باب مسائل سیاسی چیست؟ پژوهش به روش تحلیلی و توصیفی و بر مبنای مطالعه ی کتابخانه ای انجام پذیرفته است. یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که از نظر شاطبی، هدف شریعت برآوردن منافع بزرگ بشر است. با این رویکرد، اسلام می‏تواند نظام دموکراسی غربی را حفظ کرده و با تبدیل اصل اسلامی «شورا» به عنوان اندرز اخلاقی و مبانی عمومی به نظامی عملی برای حکومت، این تجربه ی بشری را پر بارتر کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the political jurisprudence of Mojadis in Shatabi's intellectual system

نویسندگان [English]

  • hossein aghelinezhad 1
  • sajjad chitforoush 2
1 hD student of Iranian issues, Baft Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of History of Islamic Revolution and Sacred Defense, Imam Hossein University (AS), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The jurisprudence of the objectives, which is opposed to the Akhbari jurisprudents and Sharia-oriented thinkers, is a school of jurisprudence that tries to explain the realization of the main objectives of the Sharia. This approach considers the use of modern thinking as one of the main methods of jurisprudence. Proponents of this school, who are mainly active among Sunnis, consider jurisprudence as merely a tool and consider the goals of jurisprudence (the general principles of Islam) more important. The main question of the current research is what are Shatabi's views on political issues as one of the objective thinkers? The research has been done by analytical and descriptive method and based on library study. The findings of the research show that according to Shatabi, the goal of Sharia is to fulfill the great interests of mankind. With this approach, Islam can preserve the Western democracy system and make this human experience more fruitful by transforming the Islamic principle of "council" as a moral instruction and general principles into a practical system for governance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Shatebi
  • political jurisprudence
  • expediency
  • purposes of Sharia
  • government

مراجع

Articles
- Al-Risoni, Ahmad (1412 AH). The Theory of Al-Maqasid by Imam Al-Shatabi, second edition, Riyadh: Al-Dar Al-Al-Al-Katab al-Islami.
- Alam, Yusuf Hamed (1995). Al-Maqasid al-Gaa'a of Islamic law. Dar al-Hadith in Cairo, El Dar al-Sudaniyyah in Khartoum, Virginia, Al-Mahad Al-Alami for Islamic Thought.
- Al-Kabisi, Bashir (1403 AH). "Al-Shatabi and the Methodology in the Objectives of the Shari'ah", Risalla al-Studhi al-Ulia, Baghdad: Baghdad University.
- Hatami, Mohammad Reza (2004). "Examining and criticizing the foundations of the legitimacy of the government from the point of view of the Sunnis", Political Science Journal, 1st year, 1st issue, Tehran: Imam Sadiq University (AS).
- Zuzu, Farideh (2001). "The Theory of Ijtihad by Imam Al-Shatabi", Al-Marifah Al-Islamiya Magazine, Sunnah 7, Issue 27, Malaysia.
 
Books
- Amadi, Abul Hasan bin Ali bin Ali (1424 AH). Al-Ahkam fi Usul Al-Ahkam, Beirut: Dar al-Fakr Lalprinta and Al-Nashr and Al-Tawzi’ah.
- Eslami, Reza (2014). Introduction to the science of jurisprudence, third edition, Qom: Publications of the management center of the seminary of Qom.
- Jaghim, Noman (1435 AH). Al-Kashf al-Maqadis al-Sharaa, 1st edition, Jordan: Dar al-Nafais for publishing and al-Tawzi’ah.
- Hosni, Ismail, The objectives of the Shariat from the eyes of Ibn Ashur, translated by Mehdi Mehrizi, Tehran, Sahifah Khard, 1386 AH.
- Shatabi, Ibrahim bin Musa (1417 AH). Al-Mawafafat, edited by Ibn Hassan Al-Salman, Arabia: Dar Ibn Affan.
- Shatabi, Ibrahim bin Musa (1400). Khazrat al-Etsam, edited by Kiyomarth Yousefi, first edition, Tehran: Ehsan Publishing House.
- Sheikh Sadouq (1399). The Causes of Laws, translated by Mohammad Ali Soltani, 7th edition, Qom: Armaghan Toubi.
- Risoni, Ahmed (1376). The goals of religion from Shatabi's point of view, translated by Seyyed Hassan Eslami and Mohammad Ali Abhari, Qom: Bostan Kitab.
- Alikhani, Ali Akbar and others, Political Thought of Muslim Thinkers, Volume 19, Tehran, Research Institute of Cultural and Social Studies, 1391 AH.
- Alidoost, Abolqasem, Jurisprudence and Expediency, Tehran, Islamic Culture and Thought Research Institute, 1388 AH.
- Omid Zanjani, Abbas Ali, Basics of Political Thought in Islam, Research Institute of Islamic Culture and Thought, Tehran, 1379 AH.
- Qaradawi, Yusuf (1379). Political Jurisprudence, translated by Abdul Aziz Salimi, first edition, Tehran: Ehsan Publishing House.
دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
دوره 10، شماره 2
شهریور 1403
صفحه 113-132

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 27 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 04 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 مرداد 1403

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