- Abdolmuttalib Abdullah (2013) Analysis of Voting Behavior in Iran, Tehran: Imam Sadeq University Press.
- Adrian, C. and Apter, D. A. (1995). Political Protest and Social Change: Analyzing Politics. London: Mc Millan. P 260.
- Alam, Abdarahman (2004). Foundations of Political Science, 10th Edition, Tehran: Ney Publishing House.
- Amuzadeh, Azam; Kord Zanganeh, Manouchehr; Dostri, Amir Ali (2013). Study of cultural and individual factors affecting political participation: a case study; Participation of citizens of Ilam province in the elections of the representative of the Islamic Consultative Assembly of the 11th term, Quarterly Journal of Intercultural Studies, Volume 18, Issue 56.
- Anthony H. Birch(1993). The Concepts and Theories of Modern Democracy. (London and New York: 1993 Routledge), p: 81. Political Participation of Young People in Europe: Development of Indicators for Comparative
- Ashairi, Taha; Zolfaghari, Akbar; Jahanparvar, Tahereh; Rahami, Faezeh (2013). Meta-analysis of research related to political-ethnic violence: Time period 2007-2013, Policy Strategy Research, Volume 12, pp. 56-92.
- Azizian, Omid et al. (1403). The role of local press in the process of political development in Iran (a case study of Kurdistan province after the Islamic Revolution of Iran), Quarterly Journal of Contemporary Iranian Government Studies, Volume 10, Issue 2
- Bidglo, Mehdi (1402). The protest pattern of educated youth in Tehran against government decisions in 1400 (with emphasis on the media space), Contemporary Iranian Government Studies, Volume 9, Issue 3.
- Dellaporta.D(2018), Can democracy be saved? : participation, deliberation and social movements, Ruhani .A, Trans Persian, Tehran:iran
- Firuzjanian, Ali Asghar, Jahangiri, Jahangiri (2008). Sociological analysis of students' political participation; a case study of students at the University of Tehran, two quarterly journals of social sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Year 5, Issue 1.
- Gaffney,Davin(2010), Iran Election: Quantifying Online Activism", Visiting Researcher, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute,Troy, 1-(503).
- Ghafouri, Akbar (2012). Study of factors affecting the electoral behavior of the people of Raber County, Master's thesis in Political Science, Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Yazd University.
- GinieniewiczThe,J(2007).Scope of Political Participation, Journal of International Migration and Integration, Volume 8, pages 327–345
- Hamilton, Malcolm (2010). Sociology of Religion, translated by Mohsen Salasi, Tehran, Sales Publishing House.
- Held, David, (2018). Models of Democracy, translated by Abbas Mokhbar, Tehran: Intellectuals and Women's Studies.
- Hosseini, Seyyed Abolghasem; Chitsaz, Eder; Nabi-Allah (2019). Study of the Effect of Social and Economic Factors on the Level of Political Participation of People in Kangan and Asaluyeh in Elections, Islamic Lifestyle with a Health Focus, pp. 208 - 199.
- Imam Jomezadeh, Seyyed Javad; Karami Rad, Javad (2012). Analysis of factors affecting electoral behavior with a view to Iran, Journal of Political Research, Volume 2, Issue 1 (3 consecutive issues), pp. 9-36.
- Inglehart, Ronald (2001). Cultural Transformation in Advanced Industrial Society, Translator: Maryam Weter, Tehran: Kavir Publishing House.
- Manzaco, J and Brooks, C. (1999). Social Cleavages an Politics change, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Memar, Rahmatullah. Revolutionary struggle, post-revolutionary participation: a comparative analysis within the country of Iran. Tehran: Imam Khomeini and Islamic Revolution Research Institute Publications.
- Navabakhsh, Mehrdad; Rezaei, Mohammad; Rahimi, Maria (2014). Study of the relationship between the level of citizens' trust and their level of social participation (case study: Ilam city) , Urban Sociological Studies, Year 4, Issue 10.
- Nozari, Hossein Ali (2005) Social Crises and Threats, Social Welfare Scientific Research Quarterly, 4(6), pp. 37-43.
- Parchami, Davud (2007). Study of Public Participation in the Ninth Presidential Election, Tehran: University of Humanities
- Pippa Norris(2002), “Political Activism: New Challenges, New Opportunities” in Charles Boix and Susan C. Stokes (eds.) , The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics, New York: Oxford university.
- Prrklin, F. and Weber, M. (2001). Routledge, p 60- 70
- Quintelier, E., & Hooghe, M. (2012). The impact of socio-economic status on political participation. In Democracy in transition: Political participation in the European Union (pp. 273-289). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Rafiei Ghahsare, Abuzar, Amini Kulthum (1402). The continuation of the plurality of political forces and the factors affecting it in Iran after the Islamic Revolution, Quarterly Journal of Contemporary Iranian Government Studies, Volume 9, Issue 4.
- Rush, Michael (2014). Political Sociology, translated by Manouchehr Sabouri, 9th edition, Tehran: Samt.
- Sadeghi Sarcheshmeh, Morshedizad, (2013). The Role of Social Trust in the Motivation of Political Participation of Youth in Yazd City, Quarterly Journal of Continuity and Social Change, 1-23.
- Salehabadi, Ebrahim; Ghorbani, Alireza; Salimi Amanabad, Tahereh (2012). Study of factors affecting the electoral behavior of individuals in the presidential elections of Shirvan, Iranian Political Sociology Monthly, Volume 5, Issue 12
- Seyed-Emami, Kavous (2007). Students' Political Participation: An Evaluation of Some Predictors of Political Participation. Journal of Political Science 2, No. 1
- Seyed-Emami, Kavous, Abdol-Muttalib, Abdullah (2009). Factors Affecting Citizens' Participation in Presidential and Parliamentary Elections; A Case Study of Tehran, Journal of Political Science, Fall 4th Year, No. 4
- Ted Robert Gurr (2000), Peoples Versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century, Washington: United States Institute of Peace Press .
- Vahidi, Elham (2018). Patterns of Women's Political Participation in Iran, Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Humanities, Master's Thesis in Political Science.
- Van, Deth. J,W(2014). A conceptual map of political participation, Acta Politica, Volume 49, pages 349–367
- Weiner, Myron (2001). Political Participation: Crisis of the Political Process, Collection of Articles on Crises and Sequences in Political Development", translated by Gholamreza Khajeh Sarvi, Tehran: Strategic Studies Research Institute Publications.
- Zakeri, Mohammad Amin (2015). Political Participation, Tehran: Mohammad Amin Zakeri Publications.
-Kim, M. S., Kim, D., & Lee, S. J. (2023). Economic Inequality and Political Participation in East Asian Democracies: The Role of Perceived Income Inequality and Intergenerational Mobility. Journal of Asian and African Studies, 00219096231168058
Page 703-719.