نوع مقاله : تاریخ معاصر ایران
نویسندگان
گروه علوم سیاسی،دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Abstract
This study examines the pivotal role of the modern army in the process of state-building in Iranian Kurdistan during the First Pahlavi era (1925–1941). The transition from the Qajar 'state-tribe' model to a centralized modern state faced profound security challenges in Kurdistan due to its complex tribal fabric and strategic border location. The central research question explores how the army institutionalized central authority by intertwining 'coercive suppression' with 'social engineering.' Utilizing a qualitative descriptive-analytical method, the study is grounded in Michael Mann’s theoretical framework, specifically the concepts of 'despotic power' and 'infrastructural power.' The findings reveal that state-building in Kurdistan unfolded in two sequential and complementary phases. In the first phase, the army exercised 'despotic power' to suppress centrifugal movements—such as the Simko and Ja’far Sultan uprisings—thereby eliminating armed rivals and establishing the state's monopoly on legitimate violence. In the second phase, the army transitioned from a combat force to an architect of modern institutions, pursuing a strategy of 'infrastructural power' expansion. The establishment of modern schools as hubs for cultural integration, road construction to facilitate sovereign logistics, and the implementation of a civil registration system for 'population legibility' were the primary tools through which the army embedded state influence within the tribal society. Nevertheless, the study concludes that due to the security-oriented and exogenous nature of these interventions, the Pahlavi state, while achieving significant administrative and physical penetration, failed to garner political legitimacy or foster sustainable national integration. This process ultimately reproduced political alienation between the center and the periphery.
Keywords: Army, Despotic Power, First Pahlavi, Infrastructural Power, State-Building, Kurdistan.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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