بررسی ساختاری نفوذ سیاسی و امنیتی آمریکا در نظام سلطنتی پهلوی دوم

نوع مقاله : مسائل سیاسی ایران

نویسندگان

1 علوم سیاسی و معارف اسلامی، عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه شهرکرد

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه خوارزمی

3 دکتری تخصصی ـ علوم سیاسی _ جامعه شناسی سیاسی _ دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

مقدمه: درک پویایی قدرت در نظام‌های سلطنتی، مستلزم واکاوی سازوکارهای درونی آن‌ها و روابط بیرونی‌شان با قدرت‌های بین‌المللی است. در دوره پهلوی دوم، تمرکز بی‌چون‌وچرای قدرت در نهاد سلطنت، هم‌زمان با نفوذ رو به گسترش ایالات متحده در سطوح مختلف سیاسی، امنیتی و نظامی، الگویی خاص از وابستگی و نفوذپذیری را در ساختار حکمرانی ایران شکل داد.
مسئله پژوهش: مسئله اصلی پژوهش حاضر، تبیین چگونگی درهم‌تنیدگی میان فروبستگی قدرت در داخل و نفوذ چندسطحی آمریکا در ساختار تصمیم‌گیری حکومت پهلوی است. این مقاله می‌کوشد نشان دهد که چگونه این پیوند، به جای تقویت اقتدار رژیم، آن را با بحران مشروعیت و کارآمدی مواجه ساخت و به شکل‌گیری نوعی پارادوکس ساختاری انجامید؛ رژیمی که در ظاهر قدرتمند بود، اما در عمل از ظرفیت کنش مستقل در برابر فشارهای داخلی و خارجی تهی می‌شد.
روش تحقیق: در این راستا، پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش کیفی (توصیفی-تحلیلی) و رویکرد جامعه‌شناسی تاریخی، داده‌های خود را از منابع کتابخانه‌ای گردآوری و آن‌ها را در چارچوب مفهومی «دولت نفوذپذیر و فروبسته» تحلیل کرده است.
یاقته‌ها: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که نفوذ آمریکا تنها در سطح سیاسی محدود نبوده، بلکه با اشکال پیچیده‌تری از حضور امنیتی و نظامی تلفیق شده است. این نفوذ چندلایه، در کنار انسداد ساخت قدرت، نه‌تنها استقلال تصمیم‌گیری را تضعیف کرد، بلکه شکاف دولت–جامعه را نیز تعمیق بخشید و نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در شکنندگی ساختار حکمرانی ایفا کرد. از این‌رو، مطالعه‌ی ساختاری نفوذ خارجی در بستر دولت‌های فروبسته، می‌تواند در تحلیل دلایل ناکارآمدی سیاسی و امنیتی رژیم‌ها راه‌گشا باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Structural Analysis of U.S. Political and Security Influence in the Pahlavi Monarchy

نویسندگان [English]

  • , Mojtaba Norouzi Chelicheh 1
  • Hossein Sheikhzadeh 2
  • ali Mohamadi Masiri 3
1 University of Shahrekord
2 Kharazmi University
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Understanding the dynamics of power in monarchical systems requires an examination of their internal mechanisms and their external relations with international powers. During the Pahlavi era, the concentration of power within the monarchy, alongside the expanding influence of the United States in political, security, and military domains, shaped a unique pattern of dependency and susceptibility in Iran's governance structure.
Research Problem: The central issue of this study is to elucidate the intertwining of internal power consolidation and the multifaceted American influence on the decision-making structure of the Pahlavi regime. This paper seeks to demonstrate how this connection, rather than strengthening the regime's authority, led it to face crises of legitimacy and efficiency, resulting in a structural paradox: a regime that appeared powerful but was, in practice, devoid of the capacity for independent action in the face of both internal and external pressures.
Methodology: This research employs a qualitative (descriptive-analytical) approach and a historical sociology framework, gathering data from library sources and analyzing them within the conceptual framework of a "permeable and closed state."
Findings: The findings show that American influence was not confined to the political sphere but was also intricately woven with complex forms of security and military presence. This multilayered influence, combined with the closure of power structures, not only weakened decision-making independence but also deepened the government-society divide, playing a decisive role in the fragility of the governance structure. Therefore, studying the structural influence of external forces in the context of closed states can offer valuable insights into the political and security inefficiencies of regimes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Political-Security Influence
  • Power Closure
  • Pahlavi Monarchy
  • Permeable State

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دوره 11، شماره 1
بهار1404
اردیبهشت 1404
صفحه 137-165
  • تاریخ دریافت: 15 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 24 فروردین 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 فروردین 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار: 01 اردیبهشت 1404